World War I: Home

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Access a range of primary and secondary sources covering, Early Reactions to War, The Rush to Enlist, Training and Preparation, Arguments over Conscription, Propoganda and The Homefront.

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"This article uses the closed patient medical files from two large Sydney psychiatric hospitals to discuss ways in which the return of soldiers suffering mental illness, both during and after the First World War, impacted on Australian society ... "

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"In 1918, World War I ended and Australia’s social landscape was forever changed. The war took away the nation’s innocence, and filled its people with sorrow and despair during and after the war. The cheerful enthusiasm and strong patriotism for King and Country had been sorely tested, and for many, would never be the same ... "

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"Australia may well hold the record for rescuing the most shell-shocked soldier from the front during World War One. nIn late 1916, a young man came home from the front so badly psychologically damaged that for 12 years he could not tell a soul who he was. His case was extreme and captured the public imagination. Newspapers called him Australia’s Unknown Soldier—buried, not in a cenotaph, but alive ... "

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"Throughout history, war has brought destruction and misery to humanity, and left millions dead. Among those who survive, many are broken in body or damaged in mind and spirit. The First World War was Australia’s first major conflict in an age of “total war”, and its first experience of casualties on a mass scale. More than 60,000 would die, but the majority who served did return home ... "

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"Australians served in World War I in all theatres of operation. Many served in the Gallipoli campaign in 1915 and later were involved in the campaigns in the Middle East and on the Western Front in France and Belgium until Armistice in 1918. Australian personnel were awarded Imperial campaign medals. A number of nations issued their own version of the Victory Medal but Australians received the Victory Medal issued to British personnel ... "

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"Despite the war being over, and Australian troops not constituting part of the Allied occupying force in Germany, it was to be a long time before many Australians would return home ... "

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"Australia’s Great War was both unifying and divisive. The Anzac legend that celebrated soldiers’ achievements fostered national pride and confidence, but the war widened fissures based on class, religion, and ethnicity ... "

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Click through the various pages of information on the Gallipoli Campaign.

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"But for the achievement of the Australian and New Zealander Army Corps (Anzac) in carving out a small bridgehead at Anzac Cove, the WW1 campaign to seize the Gallipoli peninsula was a disaster, says Peter Hart. Writing for BBC History Magazine, the author of a 2011 book on the disastrous First World War campaign offers his explanations for the Allies' failure in 1915 ... "

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"Australians had mixed experiences after the failed Gallipoli Campaign. The Australian Imperial Force (AIF) re-grouped in Egypt to prepare for battles in Europe and the Middle East. Soldiers who were invalided home during and after the campaign faced the challenge of re-establishing themselves in Australian society. Indigenous veterans came home to the same discrimination and laws that had always shaped their lives. Many returned soldiers felt humbled by the experience on Gallipoli. They and their families honoured that memory for years to come ... "

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"At dawn on 25 April 1915, Australian troops took part in the allied invasion of Turkey’s Gallipoli Peninsula. Something of a sideshow to the major action on the Western Front, the broader campaign was designed to open up the Dardanelles, allowing safe passage to the Royal Navy in the hope that its appearance outside Constantinople (Istanbul) would force the Ottoman Empire to surrender, on pain of having its capital reduced to rubble ... "

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"Recognised annually on April 25, the day marks the anniversary of the first significant military action fought by Australian and New Zealand soldiers during the First World War . On this date in 1915, the troops, who quickly became known as the Anzacs, landed in Turkey, joining the allied expedition that planned to capture the Gallipoli peninsula ..."

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"The legend of Anzac was born on 25 April 1915, and was reaffirmed in eight months' fighting on Gallipoli. Although there was no military victory, the Australians displayed great courage, endurance, initiative, discipline, and mateship. Such qualities came to be seen as the Anzac spirit."

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Anzac Portal: "Sharing Australia's military and service history through the experiences of our veterans"

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"There is an ever-greater popular attachment to the commemoration of Anzac Day in Australia, with growing commercial, popular and institutional support around the country. This resurgence has also generated significant disagreement among historians, shaping the historiography of Anzac in recent years and raising important questions about Australia's current obsession with Anzac: is it a reflection of increasing popular historical engagement, or an ideologically driven 'mobilisation' of the past? "

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"The Western Front Campaign is often said to be one of the darkest periods of the First World War. In March 1916, after Gallipoli, the ANZACs (Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) were sent to France to the conflict on the Western Front, where the war was bogged down in trenches and mud ... "

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"The Western Front, which ran across the industrial regions of France and Belgium, was one of the most important battlegrounds during the First World War ... " Follow links to other useful pages on this Queensland Government site.

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This PDF provides useful information for teachers and students. In particular, Chapter 11 Commemoration, will contain relevant information.

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"One hundred years ago Australia established the Repatriation Department to undertake the massive task of ‘restoring men to health’ after the First World War ... "

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"Despite the war being over, and Australian troops not constituting part of the Allied occupying force in Germany, it was to be a long time before many Australians would return home ... "

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"57,705 Queenslanders served their country in the First World War from 1914 to 1918. These brave men and women, some of whom were just teenagers, wrote home about their experiences. A heartfelt letter home from a weary soldier in a muddy trench in Flanders. A hastily scrawled note from an exhausted nurse on Lemnos to her mother in Ballarat. These fragments of lives in turmoil can tell us more about the First World War than any history book ... "

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"The diggers' victory in Villers-Bretonneux earned the eternal gratitude of the French people. Though the battle lasted just one night, more than 1,000 Australian soldiers died retaking the village in bloody hand-to-hand fighting. Michael Troy looks back at Australia's campaigns on the Western Front, including the other great battle associated with ANZAC Day ... "

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"The lush green beauty of the country impressed the Australians who had spent months in the desert heat of Egypt and on the dry steep cliffs of Gallipoli ... "

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"The 1915 Allied campaign at Gallipoli remains one of the most significant in our history. There has been a marked resurgence of interest in visiting Gallipoli by a growing number of Australians, in particular, many young people over the last decade. Indeed, for many young people it has become a rite of passage – an important milestone in their travels ..."

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"The war ended on 11 November 1918. The soldiers who returned home were very different from those who had left several years earlier. Some wives, mothers sisters and girlfriends didn’t even recognise their men as they came down the gangway ... "

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"The Gallipoli centenary provides a unique opportunity to reflect on the many wartime legacies – human, political, economic, military – that forged independent nations from former colonies and dominions ... "

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"There was no single definitive factor that caused the start of the First World War. Tensions throughout Europe had been growing for many years – nationalism, an arms race, disputes over territories and spheres of influence, greed, fear, distrust, and the division of Europe into two hostile alliances were all contributing factors ... "

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"Germaine Greer’s father never hugged her. Born just before the Second World War, Greer’s childhood was overshadowed by a father who had served in military intelligence and survived the protracted horrors of the German siege of Malta. He returned suffering the effects of anxiety disorders and near-starvation ... "

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"Shortly after the First World War ended, Australian authorities erected memorials in France and Belgium in memory of the Australian Imperial Force. Decades later, during the so-called ‘second generation of memory’, Australians again engaged in planting memorials on sites of memory on the Western Front. This article compares the two periods of memorial building..."

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"Australians have commemorated Anzac Day on 25 April for more than a century, but the ceremonies and their meanings have changed significantly since 1915."

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"On Sunday 11 November 2018, Queensland joined the nation, and the world, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the signing of the Armistice, or Armistice Day as it was also known"

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"This Queensland War Memorial Register is dedicated to the memory of the fallen and those who served Australia in the Armed Services. The Register honours service personnel that were drawn from Queensland communities."

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A comprehensive overview of the origins of the word "Anzac", its legal status and commemoration.

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"This paper will outline the origins of the first Australian Anzac Day Commemoration Committee (ADCC) which was founded in Brisbane on 10 January 1916, and trace the persistent efforts of that committee until 1930 when at last legislation was enacted to establish Anzac Day as the unchallenged sacred national day of mourning for the nation' s fallen."

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"This commemorative publication explores what life was like for Australians during World War I. Learn about Anzac Day and how to run your own commemorative ceremony."

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"The burial of the Unknown Soldier is a commemorative rite that originated after the First World War. "

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"Celebrating a myth, or a worthy obsession? UNSW academics examine the hype around Australia's alternative 'national day'."

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"Every year, Australia attends dawn services to commemorate Anzac Day. But as the years pass by new stories emerge, giving a different perspective on Australia’s ‘Baptism of Fire.’"

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"For years, Australians have faced a steady stream of investigative media reports about atrocities allegedly committed by the country’s most elite soldiers in Afghanistan."

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"One hundred years after the Gallipoli landings of April 1915, one of Australia’s leading historians has called for a change in the way the Anzac legend is commemorated." 2015

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"The Anzac legend remains firmly centred on the ill-fated Gallipoli campaign of 1915, and the sacrifice of “sons and fathers” in frontline combat. The place of women in this foundational story is also made clear – that of onlookers and supporters."

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"This series comprises the War Diaries created by the units of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) during the First World War....

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"In over 2000 interviews, this Archive encompasses our wartime history from World War One to Afghanistan. It includes the battlefront, the home front, media and entertainment, children, wives, workers and clerics. From signaller to Spitfire pilot, from SAS trooper to stoker, even to those who fought with us and against us; they are all represented in this collection. What you will find on these pages are those interviews, with transcripts."

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"57,705 Queenslanders served their country in the First World War from 1914 to 1918. These brave men and women, some of whom were just teenagers, wrote home about their experiences. A heartfelt letter home from a weary soldier in a muddy trench in Flanders. A hastily scrawled note from an exhausted nurse on Lemnos to her mother in Ballarat. These fragments of lives in turmoil can tell us more about the First World War than any history book ... "

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"Great Debates is a series designed for teachers to encourage discussion on topics from military history. This debate focuses on the variety of attitudes Australians have had toward the Anzac legend over the past century." (Department of Veterans' Affairs - Publisher)

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"How, then, did "Anzac" become so fundamental to Australia's national identity while its truth became distorted? One possible answer lies in the context of Australia's broader national history. "

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"This teaching activity resource is aimed at secondary school students. It contains educational activities to encourage learning and discussion about Australian experiences on the Western Front. "

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"This teaching activity resource provides an Order of Service and instructions to assist teachers and community groups to organise a commemorative event. Aimed at secondary school students, it encourages a greater understanding of the Anzac story"

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